Learn English with Gladiator

• ☐ ☐ ☐ send for (s/o) [phv] - call (someone) to come
• ☐ ☐ ☐ conquer [v] - take control by force
• ☐ ☐ ☐ spill blood [exp] - kill people, cause death or injury (past: spilled or spilt)
• ☐ ☐ ☐ bring the sword [exp] - start violence or war
• ☐ ☐ ☐ cleaved [adj] - split apart, missing a limb (arm/leg) due to violence
• ☐ ☐ ☐ brutal [adj] - extremely violent
• ☐ ☐ ☐ cruel [adj] - evil, causing pain or injury on purpose
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a philosopher [n] - a thinker who seeks wisdom
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a warrior [n] - a skilled fighter
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a tyrant [n] - a harsh, oppressive, terrible ruler or leader
• ☐ ☐ ☐ vanish [v] - disappear suddenly
• ☐ ☐ ☐ fragile [adj] - easily broken, very delicate
• ☐ ☐ ☐ jasmine [n] - a flower with a nice smell, often used for tea
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a poplar (tree) [n] - a tall, thin tree [image]
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a fig [n] - a sweet, soft fruit [image]
• ☐ ☐ ☐ soil [n] - earth where plants grow
• ☐ ☐ ☐ tease [v] - playfully mock or make fun of
• ☐ ☐ ☐ the protector of Rome [exp] - the person who defends Rome
• ☐ ☐ ☐ empower (s/o) [v] - give (someone) the power to do something
• ☐ ☐ ☐ to one end [exp] - for one purpose
• ☐ ☐ ☐ corruption [n] - dishonest or immoral behavior in business or the government
• ☐ ☐ ☐ cripple [v] - severely weaken or disable
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a prefect [n] - a government official
• ☐ ☐ ☐ embrace [v] - hug

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb, [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression

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Maximus	Marcus	Commodus

• Marcus (Aurelius) is the Emperor of Rome.
• Commodus is his son.
• Maximus is the general of the Roman armies.
• The Roman army has just defeated the Germanic tribes in Austria under the command of Maximus.

1. Why does Marcus summon Maximus?
   To ask him to lead the army into another battle.
   To punish him for his failures.
   To discuss the future of Rome.
   To warn him about Commodus.
   
   
2. What does Marcus say he has achieved in his 25 years as Caesar?
   He has expanded the empire through war.
   He has brought prosperity to the Empire.
   He has stopped the corruption in Rome.
   He has ruled without war.
   
   
3. How many of Maximus' men will be able to leave the battlefield?
   5,000
   3,000
   2,000
   None
   
   
4. How does Maximus feel about Rome?
   It should become a republic once again.
   It is corrupt and needs saving.
   It is the best civilization.
   It is brutal and cruel.
   
   
5. When was Maximus last in Rome?
   Before his son was born.
   When he was a child.
   Five years ago.
   Never
   
   
6. Who does Marcus believe should become Caesar when he dies?
   Commodus
   Lucilla
   Maximus
   No one
   
   
7. How does Marcus describe the dream that was Rome?
   Fragile and easily destroyed.
   Strong and ever-expanding.
   Timeless and immortal.
   Powerful but fleeting.
   
   
8. How does Maximus describe his home?
   A castle near Rome with many horses and ponies.
   A farm in the hills with fruit trees and herbs.
   A simple villa on the coast.
   A small palace in Rome.
   
   
9. Why does Marcus want Maximus to become the protector of Rome?
   Because he doesn't believe his own son will be a good leader.
   Because Maximus doesn't have ambition to rule.
   Because Maximus knows how to govern the city.
   Because Maximus is Marcus’s biological son.
   Because Maximus is uncorrupted by politics.
   Because Maximus is a Roman senator.
   
   
10. How does Marcus describe Commodus?
    As untrustworthy and immoral.
    As young and arrogant.
    As strong but unwise.
    As a capable leader.
    
    
11. What final request does Marcus make of Maximus?
    To marry his daughter and become the next Caesar.
    To protect him from Commodus.
    To help him return to Rome.
    To be the protector of Rome.
    
    

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Directions: What expressions from the video have the same meaning as the highlighted expressions in the sentences below?

1. You [ called me to come ], Caesar?

   [ sent for me ]

   Show Hide
   
   
2. For 25 years, I have conquered, [ killed and injured people ], expanded the empire.

   [ spilt blood ]

   Show Hide
   
   
3. Will I be known as the philosopher, the warrior, [ the evil ruler ]?

   [ the tyrant ]

   Show Hide
   
   
4. Anything more than a whisper, and it would [ disappear ].

   [ vanish ]

   Show Hide
   
   
5. I will [ give you power ] to one [ goal, purpose ] alone:

   [ empower you ] [ end ]

   Show Hide
   
   
6. To give power back to the people of Rome and end the [ immorality, fraud, bribery, nepotism ] that has [ weakened ] it.

   [ corruption ] [ crippled ]

   Show Hide
   
   

Directions: Choose the most natural word (only one word) to complete each sentence.

• (Since) I became Caesar, I have known four years without war.
• I have seen much of (the) rest of (the) world.
• You have not seen (what) it has become.
• When a man sees his end, he wants to know that (there) has been some purpose to his life.
• How will the world speak my name in years (to) come?
• Anything (more) than a whisper, and it would vanish.
• There is one more duty that I ask of you before you (go) home.
• What will you (have) me do, Caesar?
  have (s/o) do (s/t) → ask (s/o) to do (s/t)
• I want (you) to become the protector of Rome after I die.
• Maximus, that is (why) it must be you.
• But surely a prefect, a senator, somebody (who) knows the city.
• But you have not (been) corrupted by her politics.
• You are the son that I should (have) had.
• By sunset, I hope you will (have) agreed.

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Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order. Use a present time frame (tense).
( ) = optional   [ ] = necessary

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa el tiempo presente.

Instrucciones: Escribe oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de las palabras o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa tiempo presente.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다. 현재 시제를 사용합니다.

Marcus / write / journal / when / Maximus / enter / tent

Marcus is writing (in) his journal when Maximus enters [his/the] tent.

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Marcus / reflect / 25 / year / conquest / and / then / wonder / how / history / remember / him

Marcus reflects on his 25 years of conquest(s) and then wonders how history will remember him.

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acknowledge / he / bring / nothing / than / sword / Marcus / lament* / fleeting* / peace / reign*

Acknowledging (that) he has brought nothing more than the sword, Marcus laments the fleeting peace of his reign.

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* lament (v): feel sad about, regret

* fleeting (adj): short, easily lost

* reign (n): time as Emperor, Queen, King, etc...

Maximus / believe / Rome / light / in / otherwise* / dark / cruel / world

Maximus believes (that) Rome is [a/the] light in an otherwise dark (and) cruel world.

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* otherwise (adj): in all other ways or forms

Marcus / challenge / Maximus / idealism / reveal / Rome / become / corrupt / fragile

Marcus challenges Maximus’s idealism, revealing (that) Rome has become corrupt(ed) and fragile.
Marcus challenges Maximus’s idealism and reveals (that) Rome has become corrupt(ed) and fragile.

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after / Marcus / have / Maximus / describe / home / he / ask / it / worth / fight / for

After Marcus has Maximus describe his home, he asks (him) [if/whether] it is worth fighting for.

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sense / death / near / Marcus / ask / Maximus / become / protector / Rome / and / restore / power / people

Sensing (that) his death is near, Marcus asks Maximus to become the protector of Rome and (to) restore power to the people.

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Maximus / initial / refuse / suggest / senator / or / prefect / would / better / leader

Maximus initially refuses, suggesting (that) a senator or prefect would [be/make] better a leader.
Maximus initially refuses and suggests (that) a senator or prefect would [be/make] better a leader.

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however / Marcus / insist / because / Maximus / not / yet / corrupt / by / politics / Rome

However, Marcus insists because Maximus has not yet been corrupted by the politics of Rome.

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Marcus / reveal / he / distrust / son / call / him / immoral / and / unfit / rule

Marcus reveals (that) he distrusts his son, calling him immoral and unfit to rule. Marcus reveals (that) he distrusts his son and calls him immoral and unfit to rule.

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Marcus / tell / Maximus / he / must / make / decision / by / sunset

Marcus tells Maximus (that) he must make [his/a] decision by sunset.

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Marcus / tell / Maximus / he / have / until / sunset / make / decision

Marcus tells Maximus (that) he has until sunset to make [his/a] decision.

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Marcus / give / Maximus / until / sunset / make / decision

Marcus gives Maximus until sunset to make [his/a] decision.

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1. Marcus questions the purpose of his life as Caesar. What do you think made a leader successful in the past? How about in the present?
2. Maximus describes Rome as a "light" in a dark and cruel world. From your knowledge, does ancient Rome fit this description? Can you argue both sides?
3. Marcus calls Commodus immoral and unfit to rule. In your opinion, what qualities make someone unfit to hold power?
4. Maximus hesitates to accept the role of protector of Rome. Would you take on a responsibility like this? What would be the pros and the cons?
5. Maximus lovingly describes his home and family. What details can you remember?
6. Can you describe your home and family with the same sense of poetry, imagery and love? Be as detailed and descriptive as possible.