Listen in English | American English File

Directions 목표 Direcciones Instruções

READ the VOCABULARY + BACKGROUND
It is important to read the vocabulary and background before you watch the video. This will improve your ability to understand the video. It will also help you understand how the new vocabulary is used naturally.
WATCH the VIDEO
The first time you watch the video, just try to understand the overall situation.
ANSWER the QUESTIONS
First, try to answer all the questions from memory. Then rewatch the video and try to answer the questions that you missed.
WATCH and READ the SCRIPT
Watch the video again while you read the script. Reading and listening at the same time will help you hear each individual word and improve your listening accuracy.
DO the ACTIVITIES
There are several different activities that focus on listening accuracy, pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.

LEA el VOCABULARIO y ANTECEDENTES.
Es importante leer el vocabulario y los antecedentes antes de ver el video. Esto mejorará su capacidad para comprender el video. También le ayudará a comprender cómo se usa el nuevo vocabulario de forma natural.
VER el VIDEO
La primera vez que vea el video, intente comprender la situación general.
RESPONDE a las PREGUNTAS
Primero intente responder todas las preguntas de memoria. Luego, vuelva a ver el video e intente responder las preguntas que se perdió.
MIRAR Y LEER
Mire el video nuevamente mientras lee el guión. Leer y escuchar al mismo tiempo lo ayudará a escuchar cada palabra individual y mejorará su precisión auditiva.
HACER LAS ACTIVIDADES
Hay una serie de actividades diferentes que se centran en la precisión auditiva, la pronunciación, el vocabulario, la gramática y la estructura de las oraciones.

어휘와 배경 읽기
비디오를 보기 전에 어휘와 배경을 읽는 것이 중요합니다. 이렇게 하면 비디오를 이해하는 능력이 향상됩니다. 또한 새로운 어휘가 어떻게 자연스럽게 사용되는지 이해하는데 도움이됩니다.
비디오 보기
비디오를 처음 볼 때 전체 상황을 이해하려고 노력하세요.
문제에 답하기
먼저 모든 질문에 답을 해보세요. 그런 다음 비디오를 다시보고 놓친 질문에 답해보세요.
비디오 보면서 대본 읽기
대본을 읽는 동안 비디오를 다시 보세요. 읽기와 듣기를 동시에 하면 각각의 단어를 듣고, 듣기 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있습니다.
액티비티 하기
듣기 정확도, 발음, 어휘, 문법 및 문장 구조에 초점을 맞춘 다양한 액티비티가 있습니다.

LER o VOCABULÁRIO + FUNDO
É importante ler o vocabulário e o histórico antes de assistir ao vídeo. Isso melhorará sua capacidade de entender o vídeo. Também ajudará você a entender como o novo vocabulário é usado naturalmente.
ASSISTA ao VÍDEO
Na primeira vez que assistir ao vídeo, tente entender a situação geral.
RESPONDA às PERGUNTAS
Primeiro, tente responder todas as perguntas de memória. Em seguida, assista novamente ao vídeo e tente responder às perguntas que você errou.
ASSISTA e LEIA o SCRIPT
Assista ao vídeo novamente enquanto lê o roteiro. Ler e ouvir ao mesmo tempo ajudará você a ouvir cada palavra individualmente e a melhorar sua precisão auditiva.
FAÇA as ATIVIDADES
Existem várias atividades diferentes que se concentram na precisão auditiva, pronúncia, vocabulário, gramática e estrutura da frase.

Vocabulary 어휘 Vocabulário Vocabulario

Questions 문제 Questões Preguntas

A sandwich is meant to be eaten as a ______ meal.
light
full
John Montague lived in the ______ century.
8th
9th
18th
19th
John Montague invented the sandwich so that he could ______ and eat at the same time.
play cards
play tennis
play the piano
play the guitar
The sandwich became popular because _______.
bread became easier to make
people needed a meal at work
people had less money to buy food
students needed a food that was easy to make
The sandwich is the most popular snack ______.
in the world
in Europe
in the US
in Asia
People in the UK buy approximately ______ sandwiches every year.
200 000
2 000 000
200 000 000
2 000 000 000
People in the UK usually buy a sandwich when ______.
they are busy
they live alone
they are at work
they are traveling
The Mortons sandwich shop sells about 1000 sandwiches ______.
an hour
a day
a week
The average lunch at Mortons cost ______ 4 pounds.
around
just under
The most popular sandwich at Mortons is ______.
a BLT
a falafel sandwich
a chicken sandwich
a goat cheese sandwich
The man likes the goat cheese sandwich because ______.
it goes well with coffee
he ate it every day when he was a student
his wife bought it when she was a customer
it is the most popular sandwich at his store

Grammar 문법 Gramática Gramática (prepostions)

Directions: Fill in each box with the best preposition for each sentence (of, to, in, at, with, like, from, since).

The word sandwich probably comes (from) John Montague.
He was an Englishman who lived (in) the 18th century.
(With) a sandwich, he could play and eat (at) the same time.
The sandwich did not become popular because (of) John Montague.
People began to work longer hours and needed something practical to take (to) work.
Today, the sandwich is the most popular snack (in) the world.
You can put anything (in) a sandwich.
British people eat the most sandwiches (in) the world.
And, of course, we also make sandwiches (at) home.
There are four Mortons shops (in) Oxford.
Most people (in) the UK buy sandwiches (at) lunchtime, especially when they're (at) work.
Mortons are always thinking (of) ways to make their sandwiches tastier and more interesting.
But they have some more unusual sandwiches (like) falafel and hummus.

Sentence Building 문장 만들기 Construção de sentença Construcción de oraciones [ ? ]
Summary

This activity is designed to improve sentence accuracy and complexity. Most students can produce the key content words in a sentence. However, they have difficulty with accuracy because the functional words are difficult or can seem unimportant. This activity will help learners eliminate problems with these functional words by giving them immediate feedback on the mistakes they are making. It will also help students develop their use of more natural, varied and complex sentence structures.

TIP: Say the sentence out loud. Notice the types of mistake you make often. Focus on those types of errors. (singular/plural, subject-verb agreement, article use, prepositions, gerunds and infinitives, noun clauses, adjective clauses, word order, and word forms.)

Resumen

Esta actividad está diseñada para mejorar la precisión y complejidad de las oraciones. La mayoría de los estudiantes pueden producir las palabras clave del contenido en una oración. Sin embargo, tienen dificultades con la precisión porque las palabras funcionales son difíciles o pueden parecer poco importantes. Esta actividad ayudará a los alumnos a eliminar problemas con estas palabras funcionales al brindarles retroalimentación inmediata sobre los errores que están cometiendo. También ayudará a los estudiantes a desarrollar su uso de estructuras de oraciones más naturales, variadas y complejas.

CONSEJO: Diga la oración en voz alta. Observe los tipos de errores que comete con frecuencia. Concéntrese en ese tipo de errores. (singular / plural, concordancia entre sujeto y verbo, uso del artículo, preposiciones, gerundios e infinitivos, cláusulas sustantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, orden de las palabras y formas de las palabras).

요약

이 액티비티는 문장의 정확성과 복잡성을 개선하기 위해 고안되었습니다. 대부분의 학생들은 문장에서 핵심 내용 단어를 생성 할 수 있습니다. 그러나 기능적 단어가 어렵거나 중요하지 않은 것처럼 보일 수 있기 때문에 정확성에 어려움이 있습니다. 이 액티비티는 학습자가 실수에 대한 즉각적인 피드백을 제공함으로써 이러한 기능적 단어의 문제를 제거하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 또한 학생들이 보다 자연스럽고 다양하며 복잡한 문장 구조를 사용하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

팁 : 문장을 크게 말하세요. 자주 저지르는 실수 유형과, 이러한 유형의 오류에 집중하세요. (단수 / 복수, 주어-동사 일치, 관사 사용, 전치사, 동명사 및 부정사, 명사절, 형용사절, 어순 및 단어 형태)

Resumo

Esta atividade foi desenvolvida para melhorar a precisão e a complexidade das frases. A maioria dos alunos pode produzir as palavras-chave do conteúdo em uma frase. No entanto, eles têm dificuldade com precisão porque as palavras funcionais são difíceis ou podem parecer sem importância. Esta atividade ajudará os alunos a eliminar problemas com essas palavras funcionais, dando-lhes feedback imediato sobre os erros que estão cometendo. Também ajudará os alunos a desenvolver o uso de estruturas de sentenças mais naturais, variadas e complexas.

DICA: Diga a frase em voz alta. Observe os tipos de erro que você comete com frequência. Concentre-se nesses tipos de erros. (singular/plural, concordância sujeito-verbo, uso de artigos, preposições, gerúndios e infinitivos, cláusulas substantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, ordem das palavras e formas das palavras.)

Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order. Use a present time frame (tense).
( ) = optional [ ] = necessary

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa el tiempo presente.

Instrucciones: Escribe oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de las palabras o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa tiempo presente.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다. 현재 시제를 사용합니다.

Sentence 1

John / Montague / probably / invent / sandwich / 18 / century

John Montague probably invented the sandwich in the 18th century.

Sentence 2

he / invent / sandwich / so / he / could / eat / play / card / same / time

He invented the sandwich so (that) he could eat and play cards at the same time.

Sentence 3

sandwich / become / popular / 19 / century / when / person / start / work / long / hour

The sandwich became popular in the 19th century when people started [to work/working] long(er) hours.

Sentence 4

British / person / buy / about / two / billion / sandwich / every / year

British people buy about two billion sandwiches every year.

Sentence 5

most / person / UK / eat / sandwich / lunch / when / they / at / work

Most people in the UK eat sandwiches for lunch when they are at work.
Most people in the UK eat sandwiches at lunchtime when they are at work.

Sentence 6

Mortons / Oxford / sell / about / 1000 / sandwich / day

Mortons in Oxford sells about 1000 sandwiches [per/a/every] day.

Sentence 7

average / lunch / cost / about / four / five / pound / Mortons

[An/The] average lunch costs about four [to/or] five pounds at Mortons.

Sentence 8

chicken / sandwich / most / popular / sandwich / Mortons

The chicken sandwich is the most popular sandwich at Mortons.
Chicken sandwiches are the most popular sandwiches at Mortons.

Sentence 9

man / favorite / sandwich / goat / cheese / sandwich / because / wife / used / order / that / sandwich / when / she / customer

The man's favorite sandwich is a goat cheese sandwich because his wife used to order that sandwich when she was a customer.

Listen & Repeat 듣고 따라하기 Ouça e repita Escuchar y repetir [ ? ]
Listen & Repeat

This activity has two purposes.

The first purpose is to improve listening accuracy. Learners can often understand the general meaning of a video but still not hear and understand many of the words that are said. This is because native speakers tend to say the functional words unclearly. (eg. don’t know, going to, want to, can’t, must have) This activity is designed to help learners improve their ability to hear these words.

TIP: Learners should listen, and then try to repeat exactly what they hear. Then they should click “Show” and read the sentence. After reading the sentence, learners should listen again and try to hear each word.

The second purpose is to improve pronunciation.

TIP: Learners should listen to and read the sentences at the same time. Then learners should try to copy the pronunciation and intonation of the speaker exactly.

TIP: Exaggerating the intonation and feeling of the speaker is useful. It may feel awkward or funny, but it will help you sound more natural.

Escuchar y Repetir

Esta actividad tiene dos propósitos separados.

El primer propósito es mejorar la precisión auditiva. Los estudiantes a menudo pueden comprender el significado general de un video, pero aún no escuchan ni comprenden muchas de las palabras que se dicen. En particular, los hablantes nativos tienden a decir las palabras funcionales (p. Ej., No sé, voy a, quiero, no puedo, debe haberlo hecho) de manera poco clara. Esta actividad está diseñada para ayudar a los alumnos a mejorar su capacidad para escuchar estas palabras.

CONSEJO: Los alumnos deben escuchar y luego intentar repetir exactamente lo que se dijo. Luego deben hacer clic en "Show" y leer la oración. Después de leer la oración, los alumnos deben volver a escuchar e intentar escuchar cada palabra.

El segundo propósito es mejorar la pronunciación.

CONSEJO: Los alumnos deben escuchar y leer las oraciones al mismo tiempo. Luego, los alumnos deben intentar copiar la pronunciación y la entonación del hablante.

CONSEJO: Es útil exagerar la entonación y el sentimiento del hablante. Puede parecer incómodo o divertido, pero te ayudará a sonar más natural.

듣고 따라하기

이 액티비티에는 두 가지 목적이 있습니다.

첫 번째 목적은 청취 정확도를 높이는 것입니다. 학생들은 종종 비디오의 일반적인 의미를 이해할 수 있지만 여전히 많은 단어를 듣고 이해하지 못합니다. 특히 원어민은 기능적 단어 (예 : 모르겠다, 갈 것, 갖고 싶어, 가질 수 없어야 한다)를 불분명하게 말하는 경향이 있습니다. 이 액티비티는 학습자가 이러한 단어를 듣는 능력을 향상시킬 수 있도록 고안되었습니다.

팁 : 학습자는 듣고 나서 말한 내용을 정확하게 반복해야 합니다. 그들은“Show”를 클릭하고 문장을 읽어야 합니다. 문장을 읽은 후 학습자는 다시 듣고 각 단어를 들어야 합니다.

두 번째 목적은 발음을 향상시키는 것입니다.

팁 : 학습자는 동시에 문장을 듣고 읽어야 합니다. 그런 다음 학습자는 화자의 발음과 억양을 따라 해 보아야 합니다.

팁 : 화자의 억양과 느낌을 과장하는 것이 유용합니다. 어색하거나 재미있게 느껴질 수 있지만 더 자연스럽게 들리는 데 도움이 됩니다.

Ouvir e repetir

Esta atividade tem dois propósitos.

O primeiro objetivo é melhorar a precisão auditiva. Os alunos geralmente podem entender o significado geral de um vídeo, mas ainda não ouvem e entendem muitas das palavras que são ditas. Isso ocorre porque os falantes nativos tendem a dizer as palavras funcionais de forma pouco clara. (por exemplo, não sei, vou, quero, não posso, devo ter) Esta atividade é projetada para ajudar os alunos a melhorar sua capacidade de ouvir essas palavras.

DICA: os alunos devem ouvir e tentar repetir exatamente o que ouviram. Em seguida, deveriam clicar em “Mostrar” e ler a frase. Depois de ler a frase, os alunos devem ouvir novamente e tentar ouvir cada palavra.

O segundo objetivo é melhorar a pronúncia.

DICA: os alunos devem ouvir e ler as frases ao mesmo tempo. Em seguida, os alunos devem tentar copiar exatamente a pronúncia e a entonação do falante.

DICA: É útil exagerar na entonação e no sentimento do falante. Pode parecer estranho ou engraçado, mas ajudará você a soar mais natural.

Directions: Play the audio clip and try to repeat what you hear. Click "Show" to see the text.

Instrucciones: Reproduce el clip de audio e intenta repetir lo que escuchas. Haga clic en "Show" para ver el texto.

Instrucciones: Reproduzca el clip de audio e intente repetir lo que escucha. Haga clic en "Mostrar" para ver el texto.

지시 사항 : 오디오 클립을 재생하고 들리는 내용을 반복해 보십시오. 텍스트를 보려면 "Show" 를 클릭하십시오.

Clip 1

Sandwich: An item of food consisting of two pieces of bread with a filling between them, eaten as a light meal.

Clip 2

He loved playing cards, and he didn't want to stop playing to eat.

Clip 3

But the sandwich did not become popular because of John Montague.

Clip 4

In fact, the sandwich became popular in the 19th century when people began to work longer hours and needed something practical to take to work.

Clip 5

You can put anything in a sandwich.

Clip 6

Every year, we buy approximately two billion sandwiches. And, of course, we also make sandwiches at home.

Clip 7

Here, you can buy drinks, snacks, crisps, and sandwiches.

Clip 8

Most people in the UK buy sandwiches at lunchtime, especially when they're at work.

Clip 9

Sandwiches are quicker and easier to eat than a full meal, but they can still be healthy and filling.

Clip 10

How many sandwiches do you sell a day?

Clip 11

It's depends. It depends which day of the week it is, what time of year it is.

Clip 12

How much do people spend on their lunch?

Clip 13

I guess on average it would be between 4 and 5 pounds.

Clip 14

Which sandwiches are the most popular?

Clip 15

Chicken sandwiches are, in general, the most popular.

Clip 16

What's your favorite sandwich?

Clip 17

There's a sandwich that has probably had the most influence in my life, which is a goat cheese sandwich.

Clip 18

A customer used to come into our shop, and, and order...

Discussion 논의 Questões de discussão Discusión

What do you remember about the history of the sandwich? Why was it invented? Why did it become popular?
What is your favorite type of sandwich? Why do you like it?
Have you tried some sandwiches from different countries? Were they different from sandwiches from your country? If so, which one was your favorite?
Do you prefer to make your own sandwiches or buy them from a shop? Why?
What do you think is the most important part of a good sandwich? Is it the bread, the filling, or something else?
The video says that sandwiches can be healthy and filling. Do you agree?
In your opinion, is a hamburger a type of sandwich? How about a hot dog? Support your opinion.

Script 대본 Roteiro Texto

Sandwich: An item of food consisting of two pieces of bread with a filling between them, eaten as a light meal.

The word sandwich probably comes from John Montague, the Fourth Earl of Sandwich. He was an Englishman who lived in the 18th century. He loved playing cards, and he didn't want to stop playing to eat. With a sandwich, he could play and eat at the same time.

Today, many other languages, including French and Spanish, use the word sandwich. But the sandwich did not become popular because of John Montague. In fact, the sandwich became popular in the 19th century when people began to work longer hours and needed something practical to take to work.

Today, the sandwich is the most popular snack in the world. You can put anything in a sandwich.

British people eat the most sandwiches in the world. Every year, we buy approximately two billion sandwiches. And, of course, we also make sandwiches at home.

This is a Mortons shop in Oxford. There are four Mortons shops in Oxford. Here, you can buy drinks, snacks, crisps, and sandwiches. A lot of sandwiches!

Most people in the UK buy sandwiches at lunchtime, especially when they're at work. Sandwiches are quicker and easier to eat than a full meal, but they can still be healthy and filling.

Mortons are always thinking of ways to make their sandwiches tastier and more interesting. They have a lot of classic sandwiches like cheese salad, chicken, and bacon lettuce and tomato, known as a BLT. But they have some more unusual sandwiches like for falafel and hummus.

How many sandwiches do you sell a day?
It's depends. It depends which day of the week it is, what time of year it is. I would say, approximately 1000 sandwiches a day.

How much do people spend on their lunch?
I guess on average it would be between 4 and 5 pounds.

Which sandwiches are the most popular?
Chicken sandwiches are, in general, the most popular. Also, mozzarella, which we combine with our own basil mayonnaise.

What's your favorite sandwich?
There's a sandwich that has probably, has probably, had the most influence in my life, which is a goat cheese sandwich because I met my...
A customer used to come into our shop and order...
I only knew her as large black coffee and goat cheese sandwich.
And this customer then, as it actually, transformed into being my wife.

The sandwich has changed a lot since John Montague's time, but it's still as popular as ever.

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