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The Periodic Table

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Published: 2.06.2019   [ UPDATED FEB 2024 ]
Level 4   |   Time: 2:09
Accent: British
BBC Global News Podcast (1.26.2019)

TOEFL: A short history on the development and the importance of the periodic table.

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You can download the file [ HERE ].

    

triangle Directions 목표 Direcciones Instruções

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  1. READ the VOCABULARY

    It is important to read the vocabulary before you watch the video. This will improve your ability to understand the video. It will also help you understand how the new vocabulary is used naturally.

  2. WATCH the VIDEO

    The first time you watch the video, just try to understand the overall situation.

  3. ANSWER the QUESTIONS

    First try to answer all the questions from memory. Then rewatch the video and try to answer the questions that you missed.

  4. WATCH and READ the SCRIPT

    Watch the video again while you read the script. Reading and listening at the same time will help you hear each individual word and improve your listening accuracy.

  5. DO the ACTIVITIES

    There are several different activities that focus on test preparation, vocabulary, grammar, and sentence structure.

  1. LEA el VOCABULARIO

    Es importante leer el vocabulario antes de ver el video. Esto mejorará su capacidad para comprender el video. También le ayudará a comprender cómo se usa el nuevo vocabulario de forma natural.

  2. VER el VIDEO

    La primera vez que vea el video, intente comprender la situación general.

  3. RESPONDE a las PREGUNTAS

    Primero intente responder todas las preguntas de memoria. Luego, vuelva a ver el video e intente responder las preguntas que se perdió.

  4. MIRAR Y LEER

    Mire el video nuevamente mientras lee el guión. Leer y escuchar al mismo tiempo lo ayudará a escuchar cada palabra individual y mejorará su precisión auditiva.

  5. HACER LAS ACTIVIDADES

    Hay una serie de actividades diferentes que se centran en la preparación de la examen, el vocabulario, la gramática y la estructura de las oraciones.

  1. 어휘 읽기

    비디오를 보기 전에 어휘와 배경을 읽는 것이 중요합니다. 이렇게 하면 비디오를 이해하는 능력이 향상됩니다. 또한 새로운 어휘가 어떻게 자연스럽게 사용되는지 이해하는데 도움이됩니다.

  2. 비디오 보기

    비디오를 처음 볼 때 전체 상황을 이해하려고 노력하세요.

  3. 문제에 답하기

    먼저 모든 질문에 답을 해보세요. 그런 다음 비디오를 다시보고 놓친 질문에 답해보세요.

  4. 비디오 보면서 대본 읽기

    대본을 읽는 동안 비디오를 다시 보세요. 읽기와 듣기를 동시에 하면 각각의 단어를 듣고, 듣기 정확도를 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

  5. 액티비티 하기

    듣기 정확도, 발음, 어휘, 문법 및 문장 구조에 초점을 맞춘 다양한 액티비티가 있습니다.

  1. LER o VOCABULÁRIO

    É importante ler o vocabulário antes de assistir ao vídeo. Isso melhorará sua capacidade de entender o vídeo. Também ajudará você a entender como o novo vocabulário é usado naturalmente.

  2. ASSISTA ao VÍDEO

    Na primeira vez que assistir ao vídeo, tente entender a situação geral.

  3. RESPONDA às PERGUNTAS

    Primeiro, tente responder a todas as perguntas de memória. Em seguida, assista novamente ao vídeo e tente responder às perguntas que você errou.

  4. ASSISTA e LEIA o SCRIPT

    Assista ao vídeo novamente enquanto lê o roteiro. Ler e ouvir ao mesmo tempo ajudará você a ouvir cada palavra individualmente e a melhorar sua precisão auditiva.

  5. FAÇA as ATIVIDADES

    Existem várias atividades diferentes que se concentram na preparação para o teste, vocabulário, gramática e estrutura de frases.

triangle Vocabulary 어휘 Vocabulário Vocabulario

  • ☐ ☐ ☐ an element [n] - a substance that is made from only one type of atom (hydrogen, oxygen, gold)
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a brain child [n] - a discovery, invention, or idea
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a chemist [n] - a scientist who works in chemistry
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ draw (something) up [phv] - create, design (something)
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ properties [n] - characteristics or behaviors of a substance (density, color, smell, melting point)
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ cast (your mind) back [phv] - think back, remember
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ the day of [exp] - the time in history of
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a leap of ingenuity [exp] - a great new idea
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ gaps [n] - empty spaces
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ slot in [phv] - put in
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ the atom [n] - the basic unit of matter
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ rote learning [n] - learning through memorization
  • ☐ ☐ ☐ a column [n] - a vertical group on a chart or table (row vs. column)

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb, [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression


triangle Comprehension Questions 이해력 검사 문제 Perguntas de compreensão Preguntas de comprensión

  1. What does the periodic table contain?
    Chemicals
    Elements
    Compounds

  2. Where was Mendeleev from?
    Germany
    England
    Russia

  3. When did he create the periodic table?
    In the 1500s
    In the 1800s
    In the 1950s

  4. What information does the periodic table show?
    The use of the elements
    The properties of the elements
    The discovery date of the elements

  5. How many elements were known when Mendeleev made the periodic table?
    About six
    About sixty
    More than one hundred

  6. How many elements are known today?
    About six
    About sixty
    More than one hundred

  7. How are the elements arranged in the periodic table?
    By their atomic mass
    By their color
    By their size

  8. What was unique about how Mendeleev created the periodic table?
    He grouped elements by their properties.
    It was easy for school children to use.
    He left gaps in the table.
    It had rows and columns.

  9. How does the modern periodic table compare to the periodic table Mendeleev first created?
    They are exactly the same.
    They are mostly the same.
    They are very different.

  10. Who has had to learn the periodic table?
    School children today
    School children in England
    School children for many generations

  11. How many periods are there in the periodic table?
    7
    60
    118


triangle TOEFL Questions TOEFL 문제 Perguntas do TOEFL Preguntas de TOEFL

  1. What is the discussion mainly about?
    (A) The history of the periodic table
    (B) How the periodic table has changed
    (C) The problems with the periodic table
    (D) How the periodic table is used today

  2. According to the woman, why is the periodic table useful?
    (A) Because it is beautiful
    (B) Because it is simple
    (C) Because it shows the atomic mass of elements
    (D) Because it shows the properties of elements

  3. What are some things we know about Mendeleev?
    [Click two answers.]
    (A) He was from Russia.
    (B) He was the only person trying to arrange elements at his time.
    (C) He discovered 60 elements.
    (D) He made his periodic table about 150 years ago.

  4. How are the elements in the periodic table arranged?
    (A) By their atomic mass
    (B) By their discovery date
    (C) By their color
    (D) By their size

  5. Which is NOT a feature of Mendeleev's periodic table?
    (A) It was arranged in periods.
    (B) It had gaps.
    (C) It contained over 100 elements.
    (D) It had several columns.

  6. What does the "2" correspond to on the chart below?
    image
    (A) A full period
    (B) An element
    (C) A property
    (D) A gap

  7. Why does the woman say this?

    (A) To show who uses the periodic table most often
    (B) To show the importance of the periodic table
    (C) To show how difficult it is to understand the periodic table
    (D) To show how easy it is to understand the periodic table


triangle Sentence Building 문장 만들기 Construção de sentença Construcción de oraciones [ ? ]

Summary

This activity is designed to improve sentence accuracy and complexity. Most students can produce the key content words in a sentence. However, they have difficulty with accuracy because the functional words are difficult or can seem unimportant. This activity will help learners eliminate problems with these functional words by giving them immediate feedback on the mistakes they are making. It will also help students develop their use of more natural, varied and complex sentence structures.

TIP: Say the sentence out loud. Notice the types of mistake you make often. Focus on those types of errors. (singular/plural, subject-verb agreement, article use, prepositions, gerunds and infinitives, noun clauses, adjective clauses, word order, and word forms.)

Resumen

Esta actividad está diseñada para mejorar la precisión y complejidad de las oraciones. La mayoría de los estudiantes pueden producir las palabras clave del contenido en una oración. Sin embargo, tienen dificultades con la precisión porque las palabras funcionales son difíciles o pueden parecer poco importantes. Esta actividad ayudará a los alumnos a eliminar problemas con estas palabras funcionales al brindarles retroalimentación inmediata sobre los errores que están cometiendo. También ayudará a los estudiantes a desarrollar su uso de estructuras de oraciones más naturales, variadas y complejas.

CONSEJO: Diga la oración en voz alta. Observe los tipos de errores que comete con frecuencia. Concéntrese en ese tipo de errores. (singular / plural, concordancia entre sujeto y verbo, uso del artículo, preposiciones, gerundios e infinitivos, cláusulas sustantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, orden de las palabras y formas de las palabras).

요약

이 액티비티는 문장의 정확성과 복잡성을 개선하기 위해 고안되었습니다. 대부분의 학생들은 문장에서 핵심 내용 단어를 생성 할 수 있습니다. 그러나 기능적 단어가 어렵거나 중요하지 않은 것처럼 보일 수 있기 때문에 정확성에 어려움이 있습니다. 이 액티비티는 학습자가 실수에 대한 즉각적인 피드백을 제공함으로써 이러한 기능적 단어의 문제를 제거하는 데 도움이 됩니다. 또한 학생들이 보다 자연스럽고 다양하며 복잡한 문장 구조를 사용하는 데 도움이 됩니다.

팁 : 문장을 크게 말하세요. 자주 저지르는 실수 유형과, 이러한 유형의 오류에 집중하세요. (단수 / 복수, 주어-동사 일치, 관사 사용, 전치사, 동명사 및 부정사, 명사절, 형용사절, 어순 및 단어 형태)

Resumo

Esta atividade foi desenvolvida para melhorar a precisão e a complexidade das frases. A maioria dos alunos pode produzir as palavras-chave do conteúdo em uma frase. No entanto, eles têm dificuldade com precisão porque as palavras funcionais são difíceis ou podem parecer sem importância. Esta atividade ajudará os alunos a eliminar problemas com essas palavras funcionais, dando-lhes feedback imediato sobre os erros que estão cometendo. Também ajudará os alunos a desenvolver o uso de estruturas de sentenças mais naturais, variadas e complexas.

DICA: Diga a frase em voz alta. Observe os tipos de erro que você comete com frequência. Concentre-se nesses tipos de erros. (singular/plural, concordância sujeito-verbo, uso de artigos, preposições, gerúndios e infinitivos, cláusulas substantivas, cláusulas adjetivas, ordem das palavras e formas das palavras.)

Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order. Use a present time frame (tense).
( ) = optional   [ ] = necessary

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa el tiempo presente.

Instrucciones: Escribe oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de las palabras o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras. Usa tiempo presente.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다. 현재 시제를 사용합니다.



Sentence 1

periodic / table / create / Russia / chemistry / Dmitri / Mendeleev / 150 / year / ago


The periodic table was created by (the) Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev 150 years ago.



Sentence 2

it / organize / element / by / atomic / mass / and / group / them / by / similar / property


It organizes elements by atomic mass and groups them by similar properties.



Sentence 3

Mendeleev / show / foresight / by / leave / gaps / undiscover / element


Mendeleev showed (his) foresight by leaving gaps for undiscovered elements.



Sentence 4

table / evolve / as / new / element / discover / and / our / understand / atomic / structure / deep


The table has evolved as new elements have been discovered and our understanding of (the) atomic structure has [deepened/gotten deeper].



Sentence 5

its / organization / help / predict / property / unknown / element


Its organization helps predict (the) properties of unknown elements.



Sentence 6

it / also / allow / child / go / beyond / rote / learn / and / focus / understand / basis / behind / it


It also allows children to go beyond rote learning and focus on understanding the basis behind it.



triangle Discussion 논의 Questões de discussão Discusión

  1. What points from the listening did you already know? What new things did you learn?
  2. The woman says, "Chemists see this periodic table as a thing of beauty." Do you agree? If so, why?
  3. How do the vertical columns and horizontal periods in the periodic table help organize the elements? How do they correspond to atonic structure? Can you explain the significance of these arrangements?
  4. How does the periodic table help us understand the properties of different elements? Can you provide some examples of how the table is used in practice?
  5. Can you think of any other "leaps of ingenuity" from science that had a big impact on the world?
  6. How has the periodic table evolved over time? Do you think there will be more changes in the future?
  7. Below are Mendeleev's original periodic table from 1869 and the modern periodic table (from Wikipedia). How are the two similar? How has the modern table evolved?



triangle Script 대본 Roteiro Texto

Now let's celebrate the elements. As many will remember from school chemistry lessons, the elements are all neatly set out in the periodic table - the brainchild of the Russian chemist Dimitri Mendeleev, who first drew it up 150 years ago. Our science correspondent Helen Briggs told me more about the periodic table and why it's special.

Chemists see this periodic table as a thing of beauty and also a thing of usefulness because by reading it you can understand the properties of different elements. But if you cast your mind back to the day of Mendeleev 150 years ago, there were only about 60 known elements. There are now more than 100.

And people have been trying to arrange them for some time. But he had this leap of ingenuity in that he arranged them in a table mainly by their atomic mass. But he put them in groups in terms of those with similar properties, and he left gaps for new elements to be slotted in. And this was before we knew anything about the structure of the atom and all of these things that we now know.

So it was an amazing development. He wasn't the first to do it, but he had this leap of ingenuity. And the periodic table today, it has changed but it's still really the same basis from 150 years ago.

And I looked at the periodic table when I was at school. My son is doing that at the moment. It's still used to teach millions of people across the world, isn't it?

That's right. Generations of school children have had to learn this periodic table and understand. And it's not really just about rote learning, it's about understanding what's the basis behind it.

And now we've got 118 elements, and they're arranged in these in groups. The vertical columns but also in period - so seven periods. So we've got now seven periods complete and there could be more.

That was Helen Briggs our science correspondent. And if you go to the UNESCO website, you can watch a whole lot of talks and debates about that periodic table including a lecture by Ben Bringa, the 2019 Nobel Prize winner in chemistry.