Learn English with Quirks & Quarks

• ☐ ☐ ☐ play into [phv] - affect
• ☐ ☐ ☐ clades [n] - a group of species that are related genetically
• ☐ ☐ ☐ instinctive [adj] - natural way of thinking/acting
• ☐ ☐ ☐ adaptive [adj] - able to adjust to a new situation
• ☐ ☐ ☐ obedience [n] - following orders or rules
• ☐ ☐ ☐ herding [v] - directing / guiding a group of animals
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a hound [n] - a type of dog
• ☐ ☐ ☐ run down [phv] - chase and catch
• ☐ ☐ ☐ prey [n] - the animal that another animal (predator) hunts
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a retriever [n] - a type of dog
• ☐ ☐ ☐ lousy [adj] - not good / useless
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a blind [n] - a place to hide
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a cue [n] - a signal
• ☐ ☐ ☐ game [n] - animals that are hunted
• ☐ ☐ ☐ bred [adj] - raised
• ☐ ☐ ☐ attentiveness [n] - attention / alertness
• ☐ ☐ ☐ retrieve [v] - recover/ bring back
• ☐ ☐ ☐ cluster [v] - come close together
• ☐ ☐ ☐ malleable [adj] - easy to change
• ☐ ☐ ☐ seat-of-the-pants [exp] - unplanned
• ☐ ☐ ☐ domesticated [adj] - raised by humans
• ☐ ☐ ☐ a task [n] - a job / work
• ☐ ☐ ☐ reared [adj] - raised
• ☐ ☐ ☐ puppyhood [n] - the time when a dog is young
• ☐ ☐ ☐ breeding [v] - raising
• ☐ ☐ ☐ the flip side [exp] - the opposite view
• ☐ ☐ ☐ companion [n] - a good friend
• ☐ ☐ ☐ empathetic [adj] - having empathy for someone/something

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb, [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression

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1. What is the talk mainly about?
   The relationship between dogs and humans.
   Why dogs are smarter than other animals.
   Which dogs are the most intelligent.
   
   
2. How does the professor describe instinctive intelligence?
   A dog's ability to be taught new behaviors.
   The skills that dogs were bred to do.
   A dog's ability to learn on its own.
   
   
3. How does the professor descibe adaptive intelligence?
   A dog's ability to be taught new behaviors.
   The skills that dogs were bred to do.
   A dog's ability to learn on its own.
   
   
4. How does the professor describe working obedience intelligence?
   A dog's ability to be taught new behaviors.
   The skills that dogs were bred to do.
   A dog's ability to learn on its own.
   
   
5. How do hounds demonstrate high instinctive intelligence?
   They are good at retrieving things.
   They are able to quickly learn new things from humans.
   They can do their tasks with little guidance from humans.
   
   
6. Which type of intelligence is likely very high for retrievers?
   instinctive intelligence.
   adaptive intelligence.
   working obedience intelligence
   
   
7. Why does the professor call retrievers "wonderful students"?
   They listen very carefully.
   They have high adaptive intelligence.
   They pay attention to humans and respond to commands.
   
   
8. Which type of dog is the newest "invention"?
   hounds
   retrievers
   
   
9. What does the professor mean when he says this?
   
   Some dogs were bred to take care of children.
   People wanted dogs to provide both social and utilitarian value.
   Some dogs don't interact well with children but are very smart.
   
   
10. What does the professor mean when he says this?
    
    Some dogs have been taught to read.
    Dogs and humans are able to communicate very clearly.
    Dogs and humans have learned to understand each other.
    
    
11. How do dogs differ from wolves in their response to a human pointing?
    Dogs will look in that directions, but wolves won't.
    Dogs won't look in that directions, but wolves will.
    Dogs will run in that directions, but wolves won't.
    
    
12. What behavior shows that dogs are companions of humans?
    Humans and dogs live and work together.
    Humans and dogs share empathy with each other.
    Humans and dogs have a long history together.
    
    

Directions: Write sentences about the video clip using the words given. You can change the word form or add words, but you cannot change the word order.

Instrucciones: Escriba oraciones sobre el videoclip usando las palabras dadas. Puede cambiar la forma de la palabra o agregar palabras, pero no puede cambiar el orden de las palabras.

Instrucciones: Escreva orações sobre o videoclipe usando as palavras-chave. Você pode alterar a forma da palavra ou adicionar palavras, mas não pode alterar a ordem das palavras.

지시 : 주어진 단어를 사용하여 비디오 클립에 대한 문장을 씁니다. 어형을 변경하거나 단어를 추가할 수 있지만 어순은 변경할 수 없습니다.

all / dog / rough / equivalent / level / intelligence

All dogs have roughly an equivalent level of intelligence.

Instinctive intelligence / what / dog / breed / do

Instinctive intelligence is what a dog is bred to do.

Adaptive intelligence / what / dog / can / teach / self / do

Adaptive intelligence is what a dog can teach itself to do.

Working and obedience intelligence / what / dog / can / teach / do / human

Working and obedience intelligence is what a dog can be taught to do by humans.

people / tend / most / interest / dog / working and obedience intelligence

People tend to be most interested in dogs' working and obedience intelligence.
People tend to have the most interest in dogs' working and obedience intelligence.

hound / which / oldest / dog / breed / not / learn / well

Hounds, which are the oldest dog breed, don't learn well.

retreiver / fairly / recent / breed / able / learn / well

Retreivers, which are a fairly recent breed, are able to learn well.

human / selective / breed / dog / least / 14 000 / year

Humans have been selectively breeding dogs for at least 14 000 years.

if / you / point / something / dog / look / where / you / point

If you point at something, a dog will look where you point.

if / you / point / something / wolf / look / hand

If you point at something, a wolf will look at your hand.

Human / breed / dog / respond / signal / mood

Humans have been breeding dogs to respond to our signals and (our) moods.
Humans have bred dogs to respond to our signals and (our) moods.

1. What new facts or ideas did you learn from the discussion? What facts were most interesting or surprising?
2. What are three types of intelligence mentioned in the discussion? Do you think humans have similar types of intelligence? Which would be high and low for humans?
3. In your opinion, which of the three intelligences is highest for cats? Lowest?
4. Do you think big dogs or small dogs tend to be smarter? Why?
5. What breeds do you think are quite smart (learn well)? Which breeds don't seem to learn well?
6. Humans use dogs in numerous professional situations. Can you think of eight different ways humans use dogs? (8 dog jobs?)
7. Below is a list of some of the smartest and dumbest dogs. What on the list is surprising?
   
   
   Brightest dogs
   Understanding of New Commands: Less than 5 repetitions.
   Obey First Command: 95% of the time or better.
   
   1. Border Collie
   2. Poodle
   3. German Shepherd
   4. Golden Retriever
   5. Doberman Pinscher
   6. Shetland Sheepdog
   7. Labrador Retriever
   8. Papillon
   9. Rottweiler
   10. Australian Cattle Dog
   
   Excellent working dogs
   Understanding of New Commands: 5 to 15 repetitions.
   Obey First Command: 85% of the time or better.
   
   11. Pembroke Welsh Corgi
   12. Miniature Schnauzer
   13. English Springer Spaniel
   14. Belgian Shepherd Dog (Tervuren)
   15. Schipperke, Belgian Sheepdog
   16. Collie, Keeshond
   17. German Shorthaired Pointer
   18. Flat-Coated Retriever, English Cocker Spaniel, Standard Schnauzer
   19. Brittany
   20. Cocker Spaniel
   21. Weimaraner
   22. Belgian Malinois, Bernese Mountain Dog
   23. Pomeranian
   24. Irish Water Spaniel
   25. Vizsla
   26. Cardigan Welsh Corgi
   
   Lowest degree of working and obedience intelligence
   Understanding of New Commands: 80 to 100 repetitions or more.
   Obey First Command: 25% of the time or worse.
   
   70. Shih Tzu
   71. Basset Hound
   72. Mastiff, Beagle
   73. Pekingese
   74. Bloodhound
   75. Borzoi
   76. Chow Chow
   77. Bulldog
   78. Basenji
   79. Afghan Hound
   
   [ See Full List ]