1. REVIEW the vocabulary.
2. LISTEN to the audio above.
3. ANSWER the questions.
4. CHECK your answers (Show Answers)

• play into [phv] - affect
• clades [n] - a group of species that are related genetically
• instinctive [adj] - natural way of thinking/acting
• adaptive [adj] - able to adjust to a new situation
• obedience [n] - following orders or rules
• herding [v] - directing / guiding a group of animals
• a hound [n] - a type of dog
• run down [phv] - chase and catch
• prey [n] - the animal that another animal (predator) hunts
• a retriever [n] - a type of dog
• lousy [adj] - not good / useless
• a blind [n] - a place to hide
• a cue [n] - a signal
• game [n] - animals that are hunted
• bred [adj] - raised
• attentiveness [n] - attention / alertness
• retrieve [v] - recover/ bring back
• cluster [v] - come close together
• malleable [adj] - easy to change
• seat-of-the-pants [exp] - unplanned
• domesticated [adj] - raised by humans
• a task [n] - a job / work
• reared [adj] - raised
• puppyhood [n] - the time when a dog is young
• breeding [v] - raising
• the flip side [exp] - the opposite view
• companion [n] - a good friend
• empathetic [adj] - having empathy for someone/something

[n] - noun,  [v] - verb,  [phv] - phrasal verb,  [adj] - adjective,  [exp] - expression

1. What is the talk mainly about?
   The relationship between dogs and humans.
   Why dogs are smarter than other animals.
   Which dogs are the most intelligent.
   
   
2. How does the professor describe instinctive intelligence?
   A dog's ability to be taught new behaviors.
   The skills that dogs were bred to do.
   A dog's ability to learn on its own.
   
   
3. How does the professor descibe adaptive intelligence?
   A dog's ability to be taught new behaviors.
   The skills that dogs were bred to do.
   A dog's ability to learn on its own.
   
   
4. How does the professor describe working obedience intelligence?
   A dog's ability to be taught new behaviors.
   The skills that dogs were bred to do.
   A dog's ability to learn on its own.
   
   
5. How do hounds demonstrate high instinctive intelligence?
   They are good at retrieving things.
   They are able to quickly learn new things from humans.
   They can do their tasks with little guidance from humans.
   
   
6. Which type of intelligence is likely very high for retrievers?
   instinctive intelligence.
   adaptive intelligence.
   working obedience intelligence
   
   
7. Why does the professor call retrievers "wonderful students"?
   They listen very carefully.
   They have high adaptive intelligence.
   They pay attention to humans and respond to commands.
   
   
8. Which type of dog is the newest "invention"?
   hounds
   retrievers
   
   
9. What does the professor mean when he says this?
   
   Some dogs were bred to take care of children.
   People wanted dogs to provide both social and utilitarian value.
   Some dogs don't interact well with children but are very smart.
   
   
10. What does the professor mean when he says this?
    
    Some dogs have been taught to read.
    Dogs and humans are able to communicate very clearly.
    Dogs and humans have learned to understand each other.
    
    
11. How do dogs differ from wolves in their response to a human pointing?
    Dogs will look in that directions, but wolves won't.
    Dogs won't look in that directions, but wolves will.
    Dogs will run in that directions, but wolves won't.
    
    
12. What behavior shows that dogs are companions of humans?
    Humans and dogs live and work together.
    Humans and dogs share empathy with each other.
    Humans and dogs have a long history together.